Paraphrase the text replacing the parts in italics by synonyms.
Modes of recognition The act of recognition of a state or government may be expressed or implied. Normally it is express. Thus in the Helsinki Treaty of 1976 the NA TO powers recognized the German Democratic Republic, while the Warsaw Pact states recognized the Federal Republic of Germany. One form of implied recognition is for a head of state or govern¬ment to pay a state visit to a hitherto unrecognized state. Egypt recognized Israel by the visit of President Sadat to Prime Minister Begin in 1978. Similarly the official visit of Prime Minister Peres to the King of Morocco in July 1986 had the effect of the recognition of Israel by Mo¬rocco. However, it is not possible for the deed to replace the intention. Thus since the United States did not intend to recognize either the state of Rhodesia or the government of Mr. Smith, the fact that certain represen¬tatives of the latter, visiting the territory of the former, were permitted to have talks with government officials could not displace such intention. The talks therefore did not imply recognition. Withholding recognition from a state or government has occasion¬ally been elevated into a 'policy of non-recognition', designed as a sanc¬tion for breach of rules of international law. 'Non-recognition' is a con¬certed policy by several states not to recognize an entity as a sanction for a breach of international law by the entity in question. The absorption of Manchuria by China, and of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania by Russia in 1940 was met by such a policy.
Complete the following passages, using suitable forms of the words below.
. request . situation . gain . control . admit . suspend . cause . deprive . know . require . lose . speak . become . outcome
A temporary anarchic 1) ... during which a people formerly organized under a government 2) ... all governmental 3) ... through the eruption of civil war will not 4) ... the state of that quality. So long as the anarchy is 5) ... by the opposition of diverse groups seeking to 6) ... control and 7) ... the government of the state, the international community will merely 8) ... inter¬national relations, and await the 9) ... (in the meantime making such tem¬porary and provisional arrangements, especially of a humanitarian na¬ture, as the circumstances may 10) ...). The state of Zaire, formerly 11) ... as the Congo, was 12) ... to membership of the United Nations at a time when the government of Lumumba which had made the 13) ... for admission had been overthrown, the country was in the midst of a bloody civil war, and no one was able any longer to 14) ... in the name of the government.
