a) baffled/correct
b) embarrassed/remake
c) confused/refuse
d) perplexed/reconsider
2) ____________ , the development group withheld the investigations.
a) Distant results were ill-defined
b) There were no clearly defined results
c) With distant results being ill-defined
d) Vagueness of distant results annoyed
3) The senator demanded that the culprit of the unrest _____________ without the nearest week.
a) be found
b) is found
c) would be
d) will be found
4) _____________ that dogs have a massive IQ would be ridiculous.
a) Someone claimed
b) Anyone claiming
c) For somebody to claim
d) For anyone to claim
5) Who ___________ that moving there would be so problematic.
a) would think
b) would have thought
c) will think
d) was thinking
6) __________ a tourist agency, choose the tour operator most carefully!
a) If you opened
b) You should open
c) Were you to open
d) Should you to open
7) __________ into a business, take care lest your partners ___________
a) Invest/know
b) If you will/would know
c) Were you invest/knows
d) Should you invest/should conceal the profit
8) If a huge oak __________ over the house it could be called nice.
a) shouldn’t hover
b) didn’t hang
c) wouldn’t be
d) didn’t hover
9) If Steve loses his job there will be _____________ his family.
a) nobody to provide
b) no one to provide for
c) anybody to provide
d) somebody providing
10) I am sure he already knows everything. He can’t ______________
a) receive your telegram.
b) have received your telegram.
c) have failed to receive your telegram
d) but receive you telegram.
11) The weather was so tempting that I couldn’t __________ for a swim.
a) have gone
b) fail to go
c) go
d) help going
12) The man ______________ fled abroad
a) dogged by police
b) dogging the police
c) being dogged
d) having dogged
13) Leaves, ________________ , soared in the air.
a) snatching the wind
b) grabbed by the gust of wind
c) grasped by a wind
d) snatched by wind
14) The man __________________ in the lobby has come again.
a) who waited
b) expecting
c) waiting
d) awaiting
15) The senator ________________royalty money of the tribal fund.
a) stole
b) ripped off a hundred thousand dollars from the
c) robbed a portion of
TEXTS
Read the text and answer the questions below:
1) SAN FRANCISCO
Once a prominent shipping and manufacturing center, San Francisco now has booming financial and business sectors. Since 1980, the city’s population has increased by more than a third and its per capita income ranks among the nation’s highest. Few places have a citizenry that is more environmentally conscious.
Like nearly every traffic-clogged urban California area, San Francisco has struggled with high emissions of greenhouse gases and carbon monoxide. Its Hunter’s Point area is home to two polluting power plants and a highly contaminated Naval Shipyard, now defunct. In 2002, a national report found that while San Francisco’s source water was safe, its tap water contained high levels of a cancer-causing contaminant known as total trihalomethanes, or TTHM, a byproduct of chlorinating water.
San Francisco has benefited from the state of California’s bold and controversial air-quality regulations. The city’s Environment Department — something many municipalities lack — is seeking to close the power plants at Hunter Point, and the federal EPA is overseeing a massive cleanup of the shipyard there. Meanwhile, San Francisco is in the forefront of efforts to promote the use of clean-up vehicles, with its public transit leading the way. The city’s bus fleet includes over 700 electric-drive vehicles, with plans to convert all the buses to this clean-up technology by 2020.
As for concerns about its drinking water, San Francisco responded by modifying its water treatment process, which brought the TTHM levels back down into the safe zone. Finally, the local government is finding ways to push energy savings, including a program that encourages residents to exchange their old strings of holiday lights for a free set of more efficient LED bulbs, courtesy of the city and Pacific Gas and Electric.
Choose the right answer:
1. Which of the following best describes the background of San Francisco?
A) San Francisco used to be a large industrial centre.
B) Business is a supporting sector for San Francisco.
C) Financial sector is more booming than the business sector.
D) Ships produced in San Francisco were especially prominent.
2. Which of the following is true?
A) There are few cities in the USA where population cares for environment.
B) It is San Francisco where the population is concerned about nature.
C) There are a few cities in the USA where environment is neglected.
D) San Francisco urges all the cities to foster environmental awareness.
3. The main factors deteriorating the ecology of San Francisco are:
A) Power plants
B) Car emissions
C) Naval Shipyard
D) All of the above
4) Water is dangerous for health because:
A) it is source water
B) it is tap water
C) tap water is not chlorinated enough
D) tap water contains a byproduct of chlorinating substance
5) The solutions to improve the environment are:
A) Closure of environment unfriendly industries and changing the energy source of the city transport
B) Promoting electric-drive vehicles
C) Creating a bus fleet of 700 vehicles
D) Cleanup in Hunter Point.
6) Holiday lights are exchanged, because:
A) It will add to energy saving
B) Light emitting diodes will be sold to citizens cheaply
C) Old strings of holiday lights are ecologically dangerous
D) Pacific Gas and Electric need old holiday lights
2. YES, YOU CAN QUIT!
Barack Obama would find it a lot easier to stub out the cigs if he had access to the NHS
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Long-lost pictures of a young Barack Obama emerged this week, showing him dragging deeply, and with great pleasure, on a cigarette. Nearly 30 years on, he still hasn’t entirely kicked the habit. But time is running out for the President-elect. Not only is the White House a smoke-free zone, but in Washington smokers are regarded as lowlife. To light up in the city is to attract a million accusing eyes and the emotions of a cop, because you have broken one of its ferocious anti-smoking bylaws. So like many of us, Obama needs to stop within next few months. He has always said that he means to quit. But when a journalist asked him how he was getting on during the last frantic months of the presidential campaign, Obama said: "I need to cut myself a little slack.” A presidential campaign is one hell of an excuse for not giving up smoking, but it’s still an excuse, and that makes Obama no different from all those smokers citing the economic meltdown or the last frantic days before Christmas as their "not yet” reason. Most would-be quitters delay their attempt until after the festivities. This isn’t entirely a bad thing, as long as it doesn’t turn into sometime, never. You have a better chance of successfully quitting if you do so at a time when you are not under intense pressure, for instance, during holidays. Having a specific date indicates that you believe you need to stop smoking and that there is a plan. You need to prepare for giving up, and now is the time to start planning for the next year. It is important to understand that stopping is not simply about willpower or determination (qualities that Obama personifies). Smoking is an addictive behavior and to quit you need to overcome the addiction and learn new behavior. On the addiction front, Obama uses Nicorette gum. He even handed some out to someone in the crowd who said they were trying to quit. But many quitters use it only when they have a craving. That isn’t going to work. You need to chew the gum of the right strength as directed, using up to 15 pieces a day. There are dozens of randomized controlled trials showing that if nicotine replacement is used properly, you double your chances of quitting successfully. Obama also seems to have got it right when he says "you need to eliminate connections”. In other words, if you always smoke after a meal, while on the phone or with a cup of coffee, you need to find something to distract yourself at these times. Exercise — Obama spends an hour a day in the gym — helps, as does the support of those around you. Hopefully, the non-smoking Michelle Obama will be firm but fair. He will just have to make sure that he doesn’t hang out too much with secret-service men who smoke. Whether Obama’s efforts are successful or not may ultimately depend on his motivation for giving up. If he is just quitting to save himself from embarrassing photos having a crafty one behind the White House bike shed, he might not succeed. He needs to really want to give up: for financial reasons (unlikely), for the sake of those around him, or for his health. There’s one very effective way of providing a health motivation for giving up: ask your doctor for a lung function test and get him or her to estimate your lung age and how smoking might have affected it. A trial published in the BMJ earlier this year showed smokers were twice as likely to give up when confronted with the dramatic evidence of lung damage that the test provides. We Britons do have one big advantage. The NHS. You are four times more likely to quit if you have support such as that provided by NHS clinics. And while Obama doesn’t have access to these, there’s the free NHS smoking helpline, 0800 0224332, open seven days a week, 7am to 11pm, where he could also record a promise to the American nation, along with the date of the inauguration as his start date. Yes, he can. |
1) The main idea of the text is:
A) to inspire smokers to quit smoking
B) to advertise the NHS service for those who wish to quit smoking
C) to criticize Obama for smoking
D) to discuss different motivations for quitting to smoke
2) Barack Obama:
A) is against forced efforts to suppress smokers
B) introduces new law projects against smoking
C) publicly smokes behind a bike shed
D) cannot refrain from smoking
3) Nicorette is:
A) the most effective means to stop smoking
B) the drug offered by NHS
C) chewing gum to alleviate the quitting
D) the name of a technology for would-be quitters
4) The word CRAVING in line 21 means:
A) bad habit
B) addiction
C) painful desire
D) abstinence
5) The phrase "I need to cut myself a little slack” (line 8) means:
A) he needs to apply more effort
B) he must reduce the strain of the pre-election campaign
C) he must reduce the number of cigarettes he smokes daily.
D) he needs to use special medication for quitters
6) To be able to quit one must:
A) have enough motivation
B) break the nicotine dependence
C) develop an altered behavior
D) All of the above
7) The author’s attitude to using gum to quit smoking is:
A) negative
B) he pins great hopes on it
C) he thinks the chances are twice as high
D) he is sure the gum must e combined with other means
Keys: 1) B; 2) D; 3) C; 4) C; 5) B; 6) D; 7) C;